Operators:-operators
are used to perform some logical or mathematical operations.
Types of Operators:-
1. Arithmetic
Operator
(a) Binary
Arithmetic
(b) Unary
Arithmetic
2. Relational
Operator
3. Logical
operator
4. Bitwise
operator
5. Ternary
or conditional operator
6. instanceof operator
7. comma
operator
8. assignment
operator
9. dot
operator
Binary
Arithmetic:-Binary arithmetic operator operates on
two operands. Operators are +,-,*, /, %.example like 5+2, 5-2, 5*2, 5/2, 5%2.
Example1:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int a=10,b=5;
System.out.println("Addition:"+(a+b));
System.out.println("Subtraction:"+(a-b));
System.out.println("Multiplication:"+(a*b));
System.out.println("Division:"+(a/b));
System.out.println("Remainder:"+(a%b));
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
Addition:15
Subtraction:5
Multiplication:50
Division:2
Remainder:0
Example2:-
TestOperator.java
import java.util.*;
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println("enter two number");
int a=s.nextInt();
int b=s.nextInt();
System.out.println("Addition:"+(a+b));
System.out.println("Subtraction:"+(a-b));
System.out.println("Multiplication:"+(a*b));
System.out.println("Division:"+(a/b));
System.out.println("Remainder:"+(a%b));
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
enter two number
551
12
Addition:563
Subtraction:539
Multiplication:6612
Division:45
Remainder:11
Unary
operator:-unary operator operates on single operand or single
variable.
Operators are: ++,--
++ Operator also known as increment (increment by
one) operator and – called decrement (decrement by one) operator.
We can write unary operator before operand and after
operand.
Like ++a
and a++.
++a is a pre increment that means first increment in
variable a then use variable a and a++ is a post increment operator that means
first use variable a then increment into variable a.
Example1:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int i=1;
System.out.println(i++);
System.out.println(++i);
System.out.println(i++);
System.out.println(++i);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
1
3
3
5
Example2:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int i=1,j;
j=i++;
System.out.println("i J");
System.out.println(i+" "+j);
i=1;
j=++i;
System.out.println(i+" "+j);
i=1;
i=(++i)+(i++)+(++i)+(++i);
System.out.println(i);
i=1;
j=(++i)+(i++)+(++i)+(++i);
System.out.println(i+" "+j);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
i J
2 1
2 2
13
5 13
Relational
Operator:-relational operators are used for some comparison
type of operations. Relational operator returns boolean type of value, it
returns true if the given expression is true otherwise returns false.
Operator
|
Meaning
|
example
|
result
|
<
|
Less
than
|
5<6
|
true
|
>
|
Greater
than
|
5>6
|
false
|
<=
|
Less
than or equal to
|
5<=6
|
true
|
>=
|
Greater
than or equal to
|
5>=6
|
false
|
==
|
Equal
to equal to
|
5==6
|
false
|
!=
|
Not
equal to
|
5!=6
|
true
|
Example1:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println(5<6);
System.out.println(5>6);
System.out.println(5<=6);
System.out.println(5>=6);
System.out.println(5==6);
System.out.println(5!=6);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
true
false
true
false
false
true
Example2:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println(5<'A');
System.out.println(5>13.90);
System.out.println(5<true);
System.out.println(true>false);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
TestOperator.java:7: error: bad operand types for
binary operator '<'
System.out.println(5<true);
^
first
type: int
second type:
boolean
TestOperator.java:8: error: bad operand types for
binary operator '>'
System.out.println(true>false);
^
first
type: boolean
second type:
boolean
2 errors
Logical
operator:-logical operator operates on relational operator and
returns true or false just like relational operator.
Operators
are:-
Logical AND (&&)
Logical OR (||)
Logical NOT (!)
Example:-
((a<b)&&(b>c)) ((a<b)||(b>c)) !(a<b)
Condition 1
|
Condition 2
|
Condition
1&& Condition 2
|
T
|
T
|
T
|
T
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
T
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
Condition 1
|
Condition 2
|
Condition 1||
Condition 2
|
T
|
T
|
T
|
T
|
F
|
T
|
F
|
T
|
T
|
F
|
F
|
F
|
Condition
|
!Condition
|
T
|
F
|
F
|
T
|
Example1:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println(((5<6)&&(50>40)));
System.out.println(((5>6)||(50>40)));
System.out.println(!(5<6));
}}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
true
true
false
Bitwise
operator:-bitwise operator operates on bits.
Types
of bitwise operator:-
1. Bitwise AND (&)
2. Bitwise
OR(|)
3. Bitwise
XOR(^)
4. Bitwise
negation(~)
5. Bitwise
left shift(<<)
6. Bitwise
right shift(>>)
7. Bitwise
right shift with zero fill(>>>)
Bitwise
OR (|):-bitwise operator operates on binary bits, in case of
bitwise OR operator result will be 0 if both bits are 0 otherwise result will
be 1.
Example: - suppose a=18 and b=25 then a|b will be as
below
Decimal
|
Binary
|
18
|
1 0 0 1 0
|
25
|
1 1 0 0 1
|
27(a|b)
|
1 1 0 1 1
|
Bitwise
XOR (^):-bitwise operator operates on binary bits, in case of
bitwise XOR operator result will be 0 if both bits are same otherwise result
will be 1.
Example: - suppose a=18 and b=25 then a^b will be as
below
Decimal
|
Binary
|
18
|
1 0 0 1 0
|
25
|
1 1 0 0 1
|
11(a^b)
|
0 1 0 1 1
|
Bitwise
Negation:-bitwise negation provide 1’s complement of given
number that means convert 1 to 0 and 0 to 1.for finding the result we have to
get 2’s complement of that number.
Bitwise
left shift (<<):-it is used to shift bits in right
to left direction, new bits will inserted from right side and bits will shift
to left direction.
Like
a<<2 that means binary value of variable a will shift 2 bit left. If
a is positive then inserted bit will be 0 if a is negative then inserted bit
will be 1.
Suppose byte
a=18 so binary value of a will be
0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
<---00
0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
(72 in decimal)
Bitwise
right shift (>>):-it is used to shift bits in left to
right direction, new bits will inserted
from left side and bits will shift to right direction.
Like
a>>2 that means binary value of variable a will shift 2 bit right.
If a is positive then inserted bit will be 0 if a is negative then inserted bit
will be 1.
Suppose byte
a=18 so binary value of a will be
00---Ã 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 (4 in decimal)
Bitwise
right shift with zero fill (>>>):-it is used to
shift bits in left to right direction,
new bits will inserted from left side and bits will shift to right direction.
Like
a>>>2 that means binary value of variable a will shift 2 bit
right. Inserted bit will be always 0.
Suppose byte
a=18 so binary value of a will be
00---Ã 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 (4 in decimal)
Example1:- TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
System.out.println(18&25);
System.out.println(18|25);
System.out.println(18^25);
System.out.println(~18);
System.out.println(18<<2);
System.out.println(18>>2);
System.out.println(18>>>2);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
16
27
11
-19
72
4
4
Ternary
or conditional operator:-conditional or ternary operator is
used to take decision if condition is true or false.
Example1:-
TestOperator.java
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
int a=100,b=20,c;
c=(a>b)?a:b;
System.out.println("greater no"+c);
}
}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
greater no100
instanceof:-
instanceof
operator is used for finding relationship between object and class or for
finding particular object of particular class.
Example:-TestOperator.java
class A
{
}
class B
{
}
class TestOperator
{
public static void main(String[]args)
{
A a=new A();
B b=new B();
if(a instanceof A)
{
System.out.println("Object of class A ");
}
if(b instanceof B)
{
System.out.println("Object of class B ");
}}}
Output:-
C:\JAVATECH>javac TestOperator.java
C:\JAVATECH>java TestOperator
Object of class A
Object of class B
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